He was always fiercely opposed to the use of expansion bolts.
2.
The fastener to use in this case is a hollow-wall expansion bolt called a molly anchor.
3.
Harding's climbing style was considered controversial because he was more willing to employ artificial aids which become a permanent part of the environment, especially expansion bolts.
4.
Reinhold Messner shared Bonatti's approach and stated in the book " The Murder of the Impossible " that " Expansion bolts contribute to the decline of alpinism ".
5.
For subsequent climbers to then deliberately drill that piece of rock; cliff or crag to placing expansion bolts, to bring the grade of the climb down to their level, is unacceptable.
6.
Scaling sheer rock formations, he used the traditional spikes for safety ropes, but he also drilled holes for expansion bolts on blank stretches, a more controversial practice because it damages the rock.
7.
Rock climbing technology and hardware have advanced since Harding drilled in expansion bolts, hammered pitons, inched up ropes with prussik knots while hauling 80-pound sacks of supplies, and hung suspended from walls in his painfully uncomfortable " bat tent ."
8.
Some critics, such as historian Steve Roper, English " Mountain " magazine editor Ken Wilson, and southern Californians like Robbins and Yvon Chouinard, felt that Harding's flamboyant willingness to use expansion bolts took some of the adventure away from climbing.
9.
Harding struggled fifteen hours through the night, hand-placed 28 expansion bolts up an overhanging headwall before topping out at 6 AM . The complete climb had taken 45 days, with more than of climbing including huge pendulum swings across the face, the labor of hauling bags, and rappel descents.
10.
Where inadequate bolts are provided between the sill plates and a foundation in existing construction ( or are not trusted due to possible corrosion ), special clamp plates may be added, each of which is secured to the foundation using expansion bolts inserted into holes drilled in an exposed face of concrete.
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